Options:
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
--annotation map Add an annotation to the container (passed through to the OCI runtime) (default map[])
-a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
--blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
--cap-add list Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private)
'host': Run the container in the Docker host's cgroup namespace
'private': Run the container in its own private cgroup namespace
'': Use the cgroup namespace as configured by the
default-cgroupns-mode option on the daemon (default)
--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--device list Add a host device to the container
--device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
--device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
--device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
--device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--dns list Set custom DNS servers
--dns-option list Set DNS options
--dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains
--domainname string Container NIS domain name
--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
--expose list Expose a port or a range of ports
--gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to pass all GPUs)
--group-add list Add additional groups to join
--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--help Print usage
-h, --hostname string Container host name
--init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
--ipc string IPC mode to use
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-l, --label list Set meta data on a container
--label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link list Add link to another container
--link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
--log-opt list Log driver options
--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1)
--mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
--name string Assign a name to the container
--network network Connect a container to a network
--network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container
--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
--oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
--pid string PID namespace to use
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
-p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
--pull string Pull image before running ("always", "missing", "never") (default "missing")
-q, --quiet Suppress the pull output
--read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no")
--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
--security-opt list Security Options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
--sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true)
--stop-signal string Signal to stop the container
--stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
--storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container
--sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--userns string User namespace to use
--uts string UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume list Bind mount a volume
--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
--volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
sky ~
sky ~ docker run --help
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Create and run a new container from an image
Aliases:
docker container run, docker run
Options:
--add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
--annotation map Add an annotation to the container (passed through to the OCI runtime) (default map[])
-a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0)
--blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default [])
--cap-add list Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private)
'host': Run the container in the Docker host's cgroup namespace
'private': Run the container in its own private cgroup namespace
'': Use the cgroup namespace as configured by the
default-cgroupns-mode option on the daemon (default)
--cidfile string Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota
--cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds
--cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds
-c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight)
--cpus decimal Number of CPUs
--cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID
--detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container
--device list Add a host device to the container
--device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list
--device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default [])
--device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default [])
--device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default [])
--device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default [])
--disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true)
--dns list Set custom DNS servers
--dns-option list Set DNS options
--dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains
--domainname string Container NIS domain name
--entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
-e, --env list Set environment variables
--env-file list Read in a file of environment variables
--expose list Expose a port or a range of ports
--gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to pass all GPUs)
--group-add list Add additional groups to join
--health-cmd string Command to run to check health
--health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy
--health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s)
--help Print usage
-h, --hostname string Container host name
--init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104)
--ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33)
--ipc string IPC mode to use
--isolation string Container isolation technology
--kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit
-l, --label list Set meta data on a container
--label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link list Add link to another container
--link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses
--log-driver string Logging driver for the container
--log-opt list Log driver options
--mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
-m, --memory bytes Memory limit
--memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit
--memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap
--memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1)
--mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container
--name string Assign a name to the container
--network network Connect a container to a network
--network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container
--no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK
--oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer
--oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000)
--pid string PID namespace to use
--pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited)
--platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable
--privileged Give extended privileges to this container
-p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host
-P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports
--pull string Pull image before running ("always", "missing", "never") (default "missing")
-q, --quiet Suppress the pull output
--read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
--restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no")
--rm Automatically remove the container when it exits
--runtime string Runtime to use for this container
--security-opt list Security Options
--shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm
--sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true)
--stop-signal string Signal to stop the container
--stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container
--storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container
--sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[])
--tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
--ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
-u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--userns string User namespace to use
--uts string UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume list Bind mount a volume
--volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container
--volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
1) run: 실행
docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE[:TAG|@DIGEST] [COMMAND] [ARG...]
[자주사용하는 옵션]
옵션
설명
-d
detach, 도커를 run(실행)하면 바로 컨테이너 process 자체가 쉘에 뜨는데 이 옵션을 넣으면 백그라운드로 실행한다는 뜻
-p
publish, 호스트 포트와 컨테이너의 포트 연결(포워딩) 이 설정을 사용하기 위해서는 호스트(서버 또는 pc)에서 사용 중인 포트 번호와 겹치지 않는지 확인 필요
-v
호스트와 컨테이너의 디렉토리 연결(마운트)
-name
컨테이너명 설정
-rm
프로세스 종료 시 컨테이너 자동 제거
-it
-i 입력, -t 터미널, 터미널 입력
-link
컨테이너 연결[컨테이너:별칭]
- docker/getting-started 실행 예시
docker run -d -p 80:80 docker/getting-started
// docker run 도커 실행
// -d 백그라운드 실행
// -p 호스트 포트와 컨테이너 포트를 연결
// 80:80 호스트포트:컨테이너포트
// 실행할 이미지명
- MySQL 실행 예시
docker run -d -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=true --name mysql mysql:8.0
docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER ID COMMAND [ARG...]
- it 옵션: 키보드 입력을 위해 추가
exec 컨테이너명 ls: 컨테이너 내부에 있는 파일 목록과 구조 확인
docker exec CONTAINER ID ls
exec 컨테이너명sh: 컨테이너 내부에서 쉘 스크립트 실행, ls옵션으로 내부 리스트도 볼 수 있음
-t 옵션(-tty) : 터미널환경을 만들어서 쉘스크립트를 사용할 수 있는 환경을 만들기 위한 옵션
-i 옵션(interactive) 쉘스크립트 Input 받기위해 사용, terminal로컬호스트에서 입력한것을 컨테이너로도 사용
7) cat: 파일을 화면으로 보기
- exit: 쉘 나가기
8) images: 이미지 목록 확인하기
docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
9) pull: 이미지 다운로드
docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]
10) rmi: 이미지 삭제
docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
- 도커 컨테이너 업데이트: 새 버전의 이미지를 pull 받고 기존 컨테이너를 삭제한 후 새 이미지를 기반으로 run하면 됨
❗️주의: 컨테이너를 삭제하는 것은 컨테이너에서 생성된 파일도 함께 삭제됨, 외부 스토리지에 저장 필요(AWS S3과 같은 클라우드 서비스 또는 데이터 볼륨을 컨테이너에 추가해서 사용)
11) 네트워크 조회
docker network ls
- 따로 연결 네트워크를 명시하지 않은 컨테이너는 default bridge에 연결
현재 실행중인 컨테이너가 존재하면 아래 명령어로 확인할 수 있음
docker network inspect bridge
12) restart: 되살리기
docker restart {container_id|container_name}
5. Docker Compose
복잡한 설정을 쉽게 관리하기 위해서 YAML 방식의 설정 파일을 이용한 툴, Docker for Mac을 설치하면 자동으로 설치됨
version: "3" // docker compose의 파일 포맷 버전
// 서비스 부분은 1개 또는 여러 개의 docker container 설정
service:
db:
image: mysql:5.7 // 이미지는 docker container의 이름 정의
restart: always // dcoker container 다운 시 항상 재시작 설정
volumes: // 도커 run 명령 -v 옵션과 같은 역할로 디렉토리 마운트 경로 지정, 여러개 지정 가능(리스트로 작성)
- ./mysqldata:/var/lib/mysql
environment: // dockerfile의 ENV 옵션 역할
- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=dgkcoding
- MYSQL_DATABASE=dgkdb
ports: // 도커 run 명령 -p 옵션의 역할
- "3306:3306"
networks: // 도커 컨테이너 간 네트워크 관리(옵션 설정)
